ALDEHYDES & KETONES
Acetal Formation
Glucose Ring Formation
Glycoside Bond Formation
Imine Formation
Formation of Transaminase–PLP Schiff Base
Formation of Schiff Base - Transaldolase with Sedoheptulose-7-Phosphate
Enamine Formation
Cyanohydrin Formation
Kilani-Fischer Synthesis of D-Glucose and D-Mannose from D-Arabinose
Oxidation of Aldehydes & Ketones
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase
Tollens' Test
Reduction of Aldehydes & Ketones
β-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase
Keto-Enol Tautomerism
Triose Phosphate Isomerase
Ribulose-5-Phosphate 3-Epimerase and Ribulose-5-Phosphate Isomerase
Pyruvate Carboxylase
Imine-Enamine Tautomerism
Transketolase
Transaldolase
Aldol Addition
Aldolase
ALCOHOLS
Oxidation of Alcohols
Malate Dehydrogenase
SN1 Substitution of Alcohols
SN2 Substitution of Alcohols
Mesylate and Tosylate Leaving Groups
Nucleotidyl Leaving Group in Glycogen Synthase
Silyl Protecting Groups
DMT Protecting Group in Solid Phase DNA Synthesis
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS & DERIVATIVES
Hydrolysis of an Ester in Base - Saponification
Aminolysis of an Ester
Esterification of an Anhydride
Chymotrypsin
Acyl CoA Synthetase
Triglyceride Synthesis
Nitrile Hydrolysis
Reduction of Carboxylic Acids & Derivatives
HMG-CoA Reductase
Decarboxylation of a β-Keto Acid
Decarboxylation of an α-Keto Acid by α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase
Alpha Addition - Hell Volhard Zelinsky Reaction
Retro Alpha Addition - β-Keto Thiolase
Formation and Use of a Carboxylate Nucleophile
Glutamine Synthetase
Lactones & Lactams
Irreversible Inhibition of Transpeptidase by Penicillin
PHENOLS
Quinol-Quinone Oxidation-Reduction
Reduction of Ubiquinone by
Succinate Dehydrogenase
HETEROCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
Reduction of NAD+
Reduction of Flavin
ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS
Phosphoryl Transfer
Hexokinase
UDP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase